Linux 安装Oracle详细步骤

今天爱分享给大家带来Linux 安装Oracle详细步骤,希望对大家能够有所帮助。

1、环境准备
注意:当前Linux为CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

界面:使用图形界面

内存:4GB

硬盘:20GB

连接:SecureCRT,上传文件(rz命令)需要安装:yum -y install lrzsz

2、下载程序
32位需要下载(需要登录账号):

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

64位需要下载(需要登录账号):

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

3、解压程序
上传

解压
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

注意:unzip可能会提示没有这个命令,那就需要我们安装一下了
yum -y install zip
yum -y install unzip

4、移动软件

[root@caochenlei ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle
[root@caochenlei ~]# mv database/ /usr/local/oracle

5、域名映射
查看当前系统主机名:

[root@caochenlei ~]# hostname
caochenlei

查看当前系统的IP地址:

[root@caochenlei ~]# ifconfig

在末尾添加以下内容:

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.112.129 caochenlei

6、关闭selinux
[root@caochenlei ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

设置SELINUX=disabled

临时关闭一下selinux:

[root@caochenlei ~]# setenforce 0

7、关闭防火墙

[root@caochenlei ~]# service iptables stop
[root@caochenlei ~]# chkconfig iptables off

8、安装依赖包

[root@caochenlei ~]# yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel pdksh java-1.8.0-openjdk*

9、添加新用户

[root@caochenlei ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@caochenlei ~]# groupadd dba
[root@caochenlei ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@caochenlei ~]# passwd oracle

10、修改内核文件

[root@caochenlei ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾添加以下内容:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

更新一下文件以生效:

[root@caochenlei ~]# sysctl -p

11、修改用户限制

[root@caochenlei ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

在末尾添加以下内容:

oracle            soft    nproc           4096
oracle            hard    nproc           65536
oracle            soft    nofile          4096
oracle            hard    nofile          65536

修改完成后重启服务器:

[root@caochenlei ~]# reboot

12、创建安装目录

[root@caochenlei ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/product/11.2.0
[root@caochenlei ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/oradata
[root@caochenlei ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/inventory
[root@caochenlei ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
[root@caochenlei ~]# chmod -R 775 /data/oracle

13、设置环境变量

切换到oracle用户下:

[root@caochenlei ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@caochenlei ~]$ vi .bash_profile

在末尾添加以下内容:

ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

更新一下文件以生效:

[oracle@caochenlei ~]$ source .bash_profile

14、安装应用程序
这一步需要在虚拟机里进行,因为会弹出窗体程序

[oracle@caochenlei response]$ cd /usr/local/oracle/database/
[oracle@caochenlei database]$ LANG=en_US ./runInstaller

用户安装截图:

然后提示要执行两个脚本,使用root执行,可以使用SecureCRT重新新建一个连接进行

[root@caochenlei ~]# sh /data/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /data/oracle/inventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /data/oracle/inventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@caochenlei ~]# sh /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.

执行完成,点ok,安装成功

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